《植物生理学报》 2012, 48(5): 465-471

渗透调节参与循环干旱锻炼提高烟草植株抗旱性的形成

黄国宾^1,*, 张晓海^2,*, 杨双龙¹, 李军营², 徐超华¹, 荣智媛¹, 杨利云¹, 龚明^1,**

1云南师范大学生命科学学院, 生物能源持续开发利用教育部工程研究中心, 云南省生物质能与环境生物技术重点实验室,昆明650500; 2云南省烟草农业科学研究院, 云南玉溪653100

通信作者：黄国宾；E-mail: gongming63@163.com；Tel: 0871-5941370

摘　要：

对漂浮育苗的烟草幼苗进行控水-半萎焉-复水-恢复的循环干旱锻炼。结果表明, 这种干旱锻炼能显著提高烟草幼苗 根、茎、叶中的渗透调节物质可溶性糖和脯氨酸的含量, 降低细胞渗透势。当干旱锻炼过的烟草植株遭受后续的干旱胁 迫时, 与未锻炼的对照相比, 其根、茎、叶能积累更多的可溶性糖和脯氨酸, 从而降低了细胞渗透势, 使叶片能维持较高的 膨压。这些结果表明渗透调节参与了循环干旱锻炼提高的烟草植株抗旱性的形成过程。此外, 干旱锻炼提高了烟草幼苗 的根/冠比。循环干旱锻炼过程中烟草植株一方面使其各部位通过渗透调节来对干旱环境进行生理适应, 另一方面通过调 节光合产物在地上部和地下部的分配以影响根/冠比来对干旱环境进行形态适应, 以最终提高其抗旱性。

关键词：烟草; 循环干旱锻炼; 渗透调节; 干旱胁迫; 抗旱性

收稿：2012-01-12   修定：2012-02-18

资助：国家自然科学基金(30460016)和中国烟草总公司云南省公 司科技计划项目(2010YN10)。

Involvement of Osmotic Regulation in Enhancement of Drought Resistance in Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) Plants through Circular Drought-Hardening

HUANG Guo-Bin^1,*, ZHANG Xiao-Hai^2,*, YANG Shuang-Long¹, LI Jun-Ying², XU Chao-Hua¹, RONG Zhi-Yuan¹, YANG LiYun¹, GONG Ming^1,**

¹Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Environmental Biotechnology of Yunnan Province, Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China; ²Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Yuxi, Yunnan 653100, China

Corresponding author: HUANG Guo-Bin; E-mail: gongming63@163.com; Tel: 0871-5941370

Abstract:

Circular drought-hardening was applied on tobacco seedlings raised on floating trays by the circle of water control-half wilting-rehydration-recovery. The results showed that the circular drought-hardening can significantly increased content of the osmotic adjustment substances soluble sugar and proline in leaves, stems and roots of tobacco plants, and decreased osmotic potential in leaves. When the drought-hardened seedlings were subjected to subsequent drought stress, as compared with control without the drought hardening, they could accumulate more soluble sugar and proline in leaves, stems and roots, and maintain higer pressure potential through decreasing osmotic potential in leaves. All these results indicated that osmotic regulation participates in the drought hardening-induced enhancement of drought resistance in tobacco plants. In addition, the circular drought-hardening increased root/shoot ratio of tobacco seedlings. The results suggested that the drought hardening, on the one hand, led to physiological adaptation of tobacco plants to drought through osmotic regulation, on the other hand, to morphological adaption to drought through regulating partition of photosynthates between over- and under-ground part, and enhanced the drought resistance of tobacco plants.

Key words: tobacco; circular drought-hardening; osmotic regulation; drought stress; drought resistance